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Most equipment and devices at home consume energy.But
rarely are we aware as to how much energy they consume and how it can be
reduced.An understanding of the main household energy guzzlers and how they
can be more energy-efficient is vital both in our interest as well as in the
interest of the environment.
All our equipments from lamps to heaters are marked by
the amount of energy they consume for a very hour of usage.The electrical
energy consumed per hour by any appliance is specified in Watts (W).1000 W is
equal to 1 kilowatt (1 KW),which is nothing but one unit of consumption.The
Electricity Board charges us based on the units consumed.
In a summer month a normal household consumes on an
average about 526 units a month. In a winter month, the same household consumes
about 282 units. A break-up of this shows that bulk of the consumption in
summer is in the usage of air-conditioners.It works out to about 53 per cent
followed by fans and refrigerators, which are about 11 percent each.Television
and lights each consume about 8 percent of the total energy. A 4-hour usage of
computer consumes another 4 percent. It is evident that usage of the
air-conditioner is the main source of energy consumption.
On a winter day, when no air-conditioner is used,the
fans consume the maximum energy and the refrigerator is the next biggest
consumer of energy at 18 percent.Water heaters and TV each consume about 17
percent energy and the lights at our household consume around 15 percent
energy.
Obviously, the lower your electrical consumption, the
lesser is your electricity bill. You will note that as our consumption goes up,
the cost per unit increases as well. A bimonthly consumption of 600-800 units
is an optimum level for a typical Indian middle class household and energy
saving measures adopted by each one of us will go a long way in reducing energy
consumption.Saving energy at home is fairly simple; it just requires us to
adopt some of the guidelines indicated below:
Air Conditioners:
Use leak proof doors and windows and seal all openings
in an air-conditioned room to avoid leakage of cool air, thereby improving the
efficiency of the air conditioner.Regular cleaning of A.C. filters (at least
once a month) also improves the unit efficiency and reduces power consumption.
In case the room to be conditioned has an exposed roof, then under deck
insulation for the room is highly recommended to reduce the heat transmission
from the roof slab. Set your air-conditioner thermostat to 25 Degree C of
higher. For every degree you raise your thermostat setting above 22 Deg C, you
can save up to 5-7% on your cooling costs.
Refrigerators:
Defrost the refrigerator once the ice gets more than
quarter inch thick. Regular defrosting helps reduce the power consumption.Avoid placing the refrigerator near any heat source and locate the refrigerator
at least 200mm away from the wall.Ensure that the refrigerator door is
airtight to prevent leakage. Ideally, set your refrigerator temperature at 2.2
Deg.C.and your freezer temperature at-15 Deg. C. for energy-efficient
operation.
Fans:
Replace conventional fans with energy efficient fans.Use electronic regulators instead of electromagnetic regulators.Lubricate fan
motor bearings periodically and clean fan blades regularly.
Lights:
Replace T12 or T10 fluorescent tubes with T8 or T5
energy efficient fluorescent tubes which are more than 10 to 30 percent energy
efficient. Use compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) which are 70 to 80 percent more
energy efficient instead of incandescent light bulbs. Replacing electromagnetic
ballasts in tube lights reduces the energy consumption by around 20 to 30
percent.Utilise energy efficient 36W slim tubes instead of 40W tubes. Use
standard pins to tap supply from plug points. Reduce the wattage of bulbs in
areas where less lighting is needed such as toilets store rooms etc.
Water Heaters:
Lower the thermostat on your water heater since most
factory settings of water heaters are at higher temperatures.A setting of 120F provides comfortable hot water for most applications.Insulate your electric
hot-water storage tank,but be careful not to cover the thermostat. Keep the
area around your water heater clean and well ventilated.
Grinders & Mixers:
Use energy efficient motors for the grinders.Use the
gadgets to their full capacity. Avoid rewinding of the grinder & mixer
motors.
Computers:
Configure your computer to “hibernate” automatically
after 30 minutes or so of inactivity. The “hibernate mode” turns the computer
off in such a way that you do not have to reload everything when you switch on
your computer on again.
The less energy we use, the longer the world's natural resources such as oil and coal, will last.Energy saving is essential because
the world's energy reserves will be consumed at a slower rate.
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